Pediatric nephrotic syndrome is caused by various reasons and factors leading to increased permeability of the glomerular basement membrane, resulting in a significant loss of protein from the blood into the urine. The main clinical diagnostic symptoms include 1) marked edema: a concave swelling that typically starts from the eyelids and gradually spreads throughout the body; 2) large amounts of proteinuria: the child’s urine has an excessive amount of foam; 3) most kidney disease syndromes do not have obvious symptoms, but about 30% of pediatric nephrotic syndrome cases are primary, with the main inflammation being an increase in glomerular basement membrane permeability. Clinical diagnosis often shows a series of symptoms, including large amounts of proteinuria, low albuminemia, hypercholesterolemia, significant concave edema, and renal dysfunction.