A 26-year-old patient suddenly developed a fever and leg swelling, was diagnosed with nephritis and hematuria, and underwent five dialysis sessions. Although the cause is unknown, it is said that the patient has congenital renal insufficiency. It is still unclear whether it is acute or chronic renal insufficiency. It is recommended to undergo kidney glomerular filtration rate, 24-hour urine protein quantification, kidney ultrasound, renal artery ultrasound, and other examinations to clarify the condition.