Question
What is Down syndrome? What are the symptoms?
Answer
Down syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by an extra copy of the 21st chromosome, resulting in individuals having three copies of the 21st chromosome, hence also known as trisomy 21. This condition leads to a range of symptoms and signs, including intellectual disability, distinctive facial features, and physical abnormalities. Symptoms may include cognitive impairment, short stature, low muscle tone, specific head and facial shapes, wide spacing between eyes, eyes slanting upwards, a small chin, and low-set ears. Additionally, individuals with Down syndrome may also encounter various health issues such as heart defects, digestive system problems, immune system issues, and autism spectrum disorders.