Question
A person has a slow learning pace, is not sensitive to numbers, is easily hyperactive, has a preference for picky eating, and shows a tendency towards loneliness. They have a bad temper. They are 1.58 meters tall, have good sleep quality, and weigh 35 kilograms. They were treated at Harbin Children’s Hospital at 21 days old for neonatal jaundice and sepsis and were discharged after 21 days.
Answer
The typical symptoms of hyperactivity in children with intellectual disability include excessive activity, attention deficit, and learning and behavioral disorders. These children may face difficulties in processing sensory information such as vision, hearing, and touch, which is known as sensory integration disorder. Common types of sensory integration disorders include motor coordination disorder, spatial perception disorder, and vestibular balance disorder. Currently, the conventional method for treating hyperactivity in children with intellectual disability involves the use of central stimulants (such as amphetamines, methylphenidate), although these drugs can sometimes make children more calm; however, their actual effectiveness is not ideal, and they may have negative impacts on the child’s intellectual development. In the absence of ideal treatment medications, one approach is to use training to help children with intellectual disability better process these sensory inputs. Before training begins, it is essential to assess the child’s intellectual level and the extent of their sensory integration disorder, then develop specific training plans based on the assessment results. One common training method is the slider game, which involves placing the child prone on a sliding board that can move freely to enhance their perception of body movement and balance.