Question
An 8-week-old girl shows hidden blood and protein (++++) in her urine test, with an ultrasound revealing an abnormality in the left kidney. Since the evening of June 6th, after a severe activity, her swelling has become severe by May 7th, with morning eyelid and facial swelling, which diminishes by noon. She experiences slight swelling every morning, which subsides on its own by noon. Sometimes she feels the urge to urinate but cannot pass any urine.
Answer
The girl exhibits hematuria and proteinuria, with an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, accompanied by morning eyelid swelling. It is suggested to consider kidney diseases, with a possibility of glomerular kidney disease being high. Possible diseases include post-infectious glomerulonephritis, IgA nephropathy, mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis, etc. Post-infectious glomerulonephritis generally has a good prognosis, with a course of about six to eight weeks, but microscopic hematuria may persist for a longer time. Other conditions depend on the individual and require observation of subsequent episodes. Currently, her urine protein levels are close to normal, and the situation is generally improving. If there are no discomfort symptoms or swelling, medication may not be necessary, but regular urine analysis checks are required. The diagnosis of nephritis can be difficult, sometimes requiring time to observe and infer. A renal biopsy is needed for confirmation. If there is persistent proteinuria or the presence of positive or grossly visible hematuria, it is recommended to undergo a renal biopsy early to determine the diagnosis and develop an appropriate treatment plan based on the pathological results.