Question
How do you tune up spleen deficiency?
Answer
- Nephrotic syndrome is more common in children and adolescents. The ratio of boys to girls is about 2:1.
- There is generalized pitting edema, with facial, lower extremity, and scrotal areas being most pronounced, often accompanied by ascites. Generally, the overall condition is good, and there is no hypertension.
- Urine output is reduced, with urinary protein ranging from +++ to ++++, with a quantitative value greater than 0.1g/(kg・d). Occasionally, there are a small number of red blood cells in the urine sediment.
- Plasma total protein is below normal, with a more significant decrease in albumin (below 30g/L). Serum protein electrophoresis shows a decrease in the proportion of albumin and an increase in the proportion of globulins, with a decrease in r-globulins. Serum cholesterol is significantly elevated (above 5.7mmol/L), and serum complement is normal.
- Kidney function is generally normal, but during the edema phase with significant oliguria, there may be a temporary mild uremic syndrome.
- Glomerulonephritis nephrotic syndrome typically occurs in school-age children, with the following clinical characteristics:
- It is more common in children over 7 years old, with generally mild edema.
- Blood pressure may be elevated to varying degrees, often accompanied by recurrent or persistent hypertension and hematuria.
- Serum complement may be reduced, and there may be varying degrees of uremic syndrome.
- Congenital nephrotic syndrome is rare and is typically an autosomal recessive genetic disease that occurs within the neonatal period or within the first three months of life, with symptoms similar to those of simple nephrosis.