Question
How to Treat Neonatal Hemolytic Disease?
Answer
The primary focus of treatment for neonates is to prevent and treat anemia and heart failure. For those with anemia, generalized edema, ascites, and heart failure, after extracting abdominal fluid and umbilical vein blood (30-50 milliliters), concentrated blood should be administered immediately. The focus during the first 2 to 7 days after birth is to prevent jaundice and bilirubin encephalopathy, and attention should be paid to severe anemia within the first two months. For the management of jaundice and hyperbilirubinemia, most cases can be alleviated with phototherapy and traditional Chinese and Western medicine. However, to remove antibodies quickly, reduce the continued destruction of red blood cells, lower bilirubin levels, correct anemia, improve oxygenation, and prevent heart failure, blood transfusion is still necessary. While this method is more effective than phototherapy and medication, it requires more human and material resources, and there are risks such as thrombosis, air embolism, cardiac arrest, and infection. Therefore, strict indications should be followed.