Questions
How are the standard values for gestational diabetes determined? Is gestational diabetes harmful?
Answers
- Glucose Tolerance Test: After taking 50g of glucose orally, the venous blood glucose level is measured 1 hour later. A blood glucose level of ≥7.8mmol/L is considered abnormal in the glucose tolerance test, and further glucose tolerance test (OGTT) should be conducted.
- Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT): The diagnostic criteria for pregnancy have not been unified. Currently, China uses a 75g glucose OGTT. Diagnostic criteria: After fasting for 8-14 hours, fasting blood glucose is measured, 75g of glucose is dissolved in 200-300ml of water and consumed within 5 minutes, and then venous blood is drawn at 1 and 2 hours respectively to check plasma glucose levels. The normal values at these three time points are 5.1, 10.0, and 8.5mmol/L. If one or more of these values exceed the normal range, gestational diabetes can be diagnosed.
- Fasting Blood Sugar Test: Two or more fasting blood sugar tests with a level of ≥5.8mmol/L can diagnose gestational diabetes. Guidance: High blood sugar significantly increases the incidence of macrosomia, and the rates of difficult labor, birth canal injury, and cesarean section are high; if diabetic ketoacidosis occurs, it endangers both the mother and the fetus or newborn.