Questions
A child was recently diagnosed with mild mitral regurgitation during a check-up. Are there any medication treatment options? The child is currently only showing slightly labored breathing and no other symptoms.
Answers
Non-rheumatic mitral regurgitation refers to mitral regurgitation caused by abnormalities in the mitral valve itself and its surrounding structures, such as the left atrium, valve root, chordae tendineae, papillary muscles, and left ventricle, in addition to rheumatic valvular disease. The causes of this regurgitation are numerous, including mitral valve prolapse, papillary muscle dysfunction, and left atrial myxoma, among others. According to the degree and progression of mitral regurgitation, it may cause varying degrees of hemodynamic changes and clinical manifestations. Below are some common non-rheumatic mitral regurgitation diseases:
- Mitral Valve Prolapse Syndrome: Characterized by the prolapse of the mitral valve leaflets into the left atrium during left ventricular contraction. It is common in asymptomatic patients but can sometimes cause symptoms such as chest pain, palpitations, and fatigue.
- Papillary Muscle Dysfunction: Refers to the dysfunction of the papillary muscles attached to the atrioventricular valves due to ischemia or necrosis, which may be accompanied by chest pain or palpitations.
- Mitral Annular Calcification: A degenerative change in the elderly, which may lead to incomplete mitral valve closure and regurgitation.
- Cardiac Myxoma: A primary benign tumor of the heart that can cause…