Question
Are there non-surgical treatment methods for pediatric scrotal hydrocele? How can one determine if surgery is necessary? What are the consequences of not treating it?
Answer
Under normal circumstances, a small amount of fluid is present within the scrotal sac surrounding the testicles. However, an excess of fluid can lead to the formation of a hydrocele. Scrotal hydrocele is the most common type, occurring in individuals of all ages. In infants and young children, a small amount of fluid typically causes no symptoms and may be absorbed naturally during development. However, if the hydrocele is large, it may cause discomfort in the scrotum, potentially affecting urination and sexual function. Surgery is the primary treatment method, usually involving a testicular tunica reversal or cyst excision surgery. For communicating hydroceles, high-inguinal ligation and tunica reversal surgery are performed. Small hydroceles can also be treated with cyst puncture and fluid aspiration followed by medication injection. In tropical regions, the incidence of hydrocele is higher. Although non-surgical treatment methods have been adopted in recent years, there is still controversy regarding postoperative complications. Ultrasound may be required to rule out testicular tumors.