Question
A 5-year-old boy is experiencing symptoms of low fever, cough, and nosebleeds. A routine blood test reveals low levels of white blood cells, MCV, and MCH, seeking a medical explanation.
Answer
Leukopenia is a common blood disorder characterized by persistently low levels of white blood cells in the peripheral blood, below 4×10^9/L. When white blood cell counts significantly drop below 2×10^9/L and the absolute neutrophil count is below 0.5×10^9/L or even completely disappears, it is referred to as granulocytopenia. The main clinical symptoms of leukopenia include fatigue, dizziness, accompanied by decreased appetite, weakness in the limbs, insomnia with frequent dreams, low fever, palpitations, aversion to cold, and lower back pain. Granulocytopenia is primarily characterized by sudden onset of chills and high fever, and sore throat. This condition can occur in all age groups in both males and females. Granulocytopenia is a severe complication of leukopenia, with both having similar causes and mechanisms.