Question
In a village, a little girl seems to have epilepsy. When she has an attack, it looks quite terrifying. What is epilepsy, and what symptoms might occur during an attack?
Answer
Epilepsy is a clinical syndrome characterized by recurrent and transient brain dysfunction caused by damaged brain cells or various systemic diseases. Clinically, it mainly manifests as consciousness disorders, convulsions, sensory disturbances, motor abnormalities, mental disorders, or autonomic nervous system dysfunction. Treatment should strictly follow medical instructions, take medication on time, and should not be changed or discontinued arbitrarily. Maintain a good lifestyle, avoid overexertion, insufficient sleep, and emotional excitement. Keep a healthy diet habit, avoid overeating or hunger, and consume light and non-irritating food. Quit smoking and drinking, maintain a cheerful mood, cultivate personal interests, engage in appropriate activities and work, and pay attention to safety. In case of pre-seizure symptoms, lie down immediately and someone should accompany her when she goes out. It is not suitable to engage in dangerous work, participate in severe sports and heavy physical labor. Keep the environment quiet and avoid factors that may trigger seizures. Instruct patients to carry a disease treatment card and a first-aid kit with them. Under the guidance of a doctor, gradually reduce the dose and discontinue medication slowly. Suddenly stopping medication or changing medications may trigger a persistent seizure.