Question

What is the cause of hematuria in children after eating broad beans?

Answer

Broad bean disease is a genetic disorder that can trigger acute hemolytic anemia in some individuals after consuming broad beans. Approximately 90% of patients are male, and the condition is more common in children under the age of 5. Symptoms may appear suddenly within a few hours to several days after eating broad beans, including dizziness, palpitations, fatigue, loss of appetite, diarrhea, fever, jaundice, and anemia. In severe cases, patients may experience coma, seizures, hemoglobinuria, and even shock. The severity of symptoms is not related to the amount of broad beans consumed; sometimes even eating just 1-2 beans can trigger the disease. Additionally, some patients may develop the condition even after inhaling or coming into contact with broad bean pollen. Treatment for broad bean disease mainly includes high doses of vitamins B and C, fluid replacement, and in some cases, blood transfusions and the use of adrenal cortical hormones (such as hydrocortisone, dexamethasone). Preventive measures include prohibiting individuals with a history of broad bean disease or family members from eating broad beans and avoiding contact with broad bean pollen.