Question
How is neonatal hypoxia-ischemic encephalopathy treated?
Answer
Neonatal hypoxia-ischemic encephalopathy is a brain injury caused by perinatal respiratory distress and aspiration, often leading to abnormal neurological manifestations. Treatment includes respiratory support, seizure control, reduction of brain edema, promotion of brain metabolism, and recovery of function. Severely affected newborns may require intensive care, including the use of ventilators, medication treatment, and brain monitoring. The prognosis depends on the extent of brain damage, and complications such as intellectual disability, cerebral palsy, and epilepsy may occur. Regular follow-up and early intervention are crucial for preventing or mitigating sequelae.