Question
Can pediatric leukemia M2A type (moderate risk) achieve remission after chemotherapy? The patient’s white blood cell count is 10.4, with 69% neutrophils, 28% lymphocytes, 9% primitive cells, 3.16 red blood cells, hemoglobin 103, and platelets 61. The bone marrow image shows a granulocyte:red blood cell ratio of 21:1, with granulocytes accounting for 84% based on the I+II type of old medical insurance, accounting for 36.5%. The autoimmune typing is CD56+, and the karyotype examination shows 45,X,-Y,T(8:21)(q22:q22){20}. What are the past treatment situations and outcomes? The third round of chemotherapy has been completed without recurrence of fever or infection. Remission was achieved after the second round of chemotherapy. I want to ask if this type can be cured simply with chemotherapy? Or should bone marrow transplant be done as soon as possible? If a transplant is performed, what is the approximate success rate?
Answer
According to reports, the five-year survival rate for pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (including M2) is between 40% and 50%. It is recommended to undergo bone marrow transplant because pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia is prone to recurrence and has a lower long-term survival rate; in addition, the success rate of pediatric bone marrow transplant is high, and the rejection reaction is relatively mild. In terms of nursing care, it mainly involves preventing infection and nutritional support, including encouraging plenty of water, high-protein, and high-energy diet. If gastrointestinal function is poor, it is recommended to eat small meals more frequently.