Question
How should phenylketonuria patients adjust their diet during pregnancy?
Answer
Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a genetic metabolic disorder where the body lacks the enzyme to metabolize phenylalanine, leading to its accumulation in the body and affecting nervous system function. For women with PKU, dietary control is especially crucial during pregnancy. During this time, they need to pay close attention to controlling their intake of phenylalanine to avoid any adverse effects on their own and their baby’s health. These women typically already follow a low-phenylalanine diet before pregnancy, but during pregnancy, they may need to further adjust their dietary plan. They should consult with a professional dietitian or healthcare provider to receive personalized dietary advice. These recommendations may include:
- Continuing with the low-phenylalanine diet and adjusting intake according to the stage of pregnancy.
- Regularly undergoing blood tests to monitor phenylalanine levels and adjusting the diet based on test results.
- Ensuring adequate nutrition, including protein, vitamins, and minerals, which are crucial for maternal and infant health.
- Considering the use of special formula low-phenylalanine milk powder or nutritional supplements. Furthermore, women with PKU may need increased medical monitoring during pregnancy, including regular prenatal checks and possible neurological evaluations. Maintaining close contact with the medical team is essential for ensuring the health of both mother and child.