Question
Patient Age: 12 years old, the child’s eyes squint and the nose follows the movement, around two and a half years old.
Answer
Disease Analysis: Hello, for your situation, the main consideration is tic disorder. Currently, Western medicine treats this condition by controlling symptoms, and there are no reports of etiological treatment. Neuroleptics that block dopamine receptors are used to control symptoms such as tics, with haloperidol and tiapride being the most commonly used medications. However, their corresponding side effects are relatively obvious, such as extrapyramidal side effects, slow movements, increased muscle tone, and difficulty in opening the mouth. In severe cases, these can affect continued treatment. Taking anticholinergic drugs can reduce side effects. Phenothiazine drugs like fluphenazine can also be effective; some believe that they are not as effective as the first two drugs in symptom control and disease stabilization. The drug pimozide, which inhibits dopamine synthesis and consumption, has a better effect in some patients but also has significant side effects. In summary, Western medicine acts on neurotransmitters and receptors to control symptoms quickly. Due to its non-selective pharmacological action, it also has obvious side effects on normal muscle groups when controlling symptoms. Some patients may have to discontinue treatment due to prominent side effects or cannot offset them, which affects the treatment and prognosis of this disease. Currently, in addition to drug treatment for tic disorders, there are also physical therapy methods available. Transcranial microcurrent stimulation therapy is one of these physical methods. It involves stimulating the brain with microcurrents to directly regulate the secretion of a series of neurotransmitters and hormones that help improve symptoms of hyperactivity and tic disorders, such as endorphins and acetylcholine. These hormones participate in regulating various physiological functions in the human body.