Question
What is the level of infectiousness of the Epstein-Barr virus? Do children who are long-term carriers of this virus need to be treated with medication?
Answer
The infectiousness of the Epstein-Barr virus is not extremely high. Contact with patients’ family members may lead to infection. EBV carriers and patients are the main sources of transmission. The virus primarily exists in salivary glands and saliva, potentially shedding continuously or intermittently for weeks, months, or even years. Occasionally, it may be transmitted through blood transfusions or feces. This disease is common in children and adolescents, with little difference in gender. Children under 6 years old often present with asymptomatic or mild infections, while those over 15 years old tend to show typical symptoms after infection. After infection, a lasting immunity can be acquired, and recurrence is rare. The main mode of transmission is close oral contact (oral-oral transmission), although droplet transmission is possible but not the primary route.