Question
How can one teach a child who struggles with learning and is suspected of having an intellectual disability? What symptoms might this condition present, and how should the treatment for intellectual disability be conducted?
Answer
Intellectual disability refers to a group of disorders characterized by significantly lower intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior deficits during the growth and development period. An IQ below the average level of the population by 2.0 standard deviations is generally considered intellectual disability, with an IQ below 70. Adaptive behavior includes personal living skills and the fulfillment of social responsibilities. The growth and development period typically refers to individuals under 18 years of age. Intellectual disability has various names, with psychiatry referring to it as “mental developmental delay.” Treatment recommendations include attention to proper diet and adequate sleep, ensuring the intake of vitamins and minerals, and providing appropriate educational guidance. Additionally, some intellectual disabilities may be accompanied by motor disabilities, so consideration should be given to whether there are accompanying conditions such as abnormal muscle tone. A comprehensive evaluation should be conducted to formulate a treatment plan.