Question
What is pediatric tropical spleen enlargement? What are the main causes and treatment methods? Please provide a detailed scientific explanation, and what are the medication contraindications?
Answer
Pediatric tropical spleen enlargement manifests clinically as low-grade fever, anemia (hemoglobin levels of 60-100g/L), and enlargement of the liver and spleen, particularly the latter. The bone marrow shows significant hyperplasia. Anemia is primarily due to the increase of blood cells in the spleen, splenic hyperfunction, increased blood volume, leading to dilution of blood and recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding. In some cases, hemolysis and portal hypertension may also occur. The main cause of pediatric tropical spleen enlargement is not yet clear and may be related to genetic factors, infection, immune abnormalities, and so on. Currently, the treatment for this disease is mainly symptomatic, including controlling fever, correcting anemia, and protecting liver function. In terms of drug treatment, careful selection is required, and drugs that affect bone marrow function should be avoided, such as chloramphenicol and phenytoin. The above is a scientific explanation of pediatric tropical spleen enlargement for reference only. If you or your family members experience related symptoms, please seek medical attention and consult with a professional doctor.