Question
A neighbor’s child was diagnosed with Down syndrome last year, which has raised questions about the causes and treatment methods of the condition. What causes Down syndrome, and what are the current treatment methods?
Answer
Down syndrome, also known as trisomy 21 or mongolism, is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21. The primary cause of this condition is related to genetic and chromosomal abnormalities, usually occurring during the process of fertilization. Treatment for Down syndrome focuses on supportive care and early intervention, including speech and physical therapy, special education, and medical management of heart and other related health issues. There is currently no cure, but through comprehensive treatment and support, it is possible to help improve the quality of life for patients and unlock their potential.