Question
What are the causes of subretinal hemorrhage in newborns?
Answer
Subretinal hemorrhage in newborns can be caused by various factors, the most common including cerebral aneurysms, arteriovenous malformations, hypertensive arteriosclerosis, vascular network abnormalities (such as Moyamoya disease), and blood disorders. These conditions may lead to the rupture of blood vessels during emotional excitement or excessive fatigue, triggering hemorrhage. Aneurysms usually occur at the branching points of the main cerebral artery and are more common in the anterior part of the brain. Arteriovenous malformations are often found in the distribution area of the middle cerebral artery in the cerebral hemispheres. When blood vessels rupture, blood flows into the subarachnoid space of the brain, causing an increase in intracranial contents and pressure, leading to secondary Cerebral vasospasm. This spasm may be caused by mechanical factors such as traction on the vascular wall by blood clots and fibrous tissue, as well as neural muscle junctions formed between vascular smooth muscle cells.